1. Preparation

• Remove any existing carpet, nails, or staples.
• Clean the treads thoroughly to remove dust and debris.
• Sand the treads with coarse-grit sandpaper (e.g., 60-80 grit) to remove old finish or paint.

2. Sanding

• Progressively sand the treads with medium (120 grit) and fine (220 grit) sandpaper for a smooth finish.
• Wipe down with a tack cloth to remove sanding dust.

3. Staining (Optional)

• Apply wood stain with a brush or cloth, working along the grain.
• Wipe off excess stain and allow it to dry per the manufacturer’s instructions.

4. Sealing

• Apply a polyurethane or similar finish with a brush or roller, using smooth, even strokes.
• Allow the first coat to dry completely, then sand lightly with fine-grit sandpaper.
• Wipe away dust and apply 1-2 additional coats for durability.

5. Final Touches

• Let the final coat cure fully before using the stairs.
• Install non-slip strips or carpet runners if desired for safety.